Condylomata or genital warts are HPV-related genital infections caused primarily by low-risk HPV types, and less commonly by high-risk types.

Clinically, they present as:

• condylomata acuminata

• condylomata plana

• condylomata gigantea

The most common form is condylomata acuminata (pointed genital warts).

Condylomas appear as soft, raised or flat, pale pink lesions on the mucous membranes of the genital area and anus.

• Condylomata acuminata are pointed or nodular lesions, most often located on the external genitalia. In men, they are typically found on the distal penis or foreskin and in women on the vulva. They may also occur in the anal region (both sexes), as well as in the vagina, cervix, urethra, and groin in women. These lesions are usually multiple but can also be solitary. When they merge, they can grow to 2–6 cm in diameter.

• Condylomata gigantea are large, tumor-like lesions, most often located in the anogenital region. Histologically, they usually do not show signs of malignancy.

Diagnosis is based on medical history and clinical examination. Attention should be given to lifestyle and sexual habits. Histopathological analysis is indicated if malignancy is suspected.

Treatment depends on the patient’s general condition, age, and the size, shape and location of the lesions.

Electrocautery is commonly used for removal. In some cases, local therapy with 5% imiquimod may be applied.

Education, responsible sexual behavior and the use of protection during sexual contact can significantly reduce the risk of infection.